AQA · Chemistry · 8462
GCSE Chemistry (AQA): Acids & Bases
Topic 3 — Quantitative Chemistry. Generated from the caption track of Cognito's lesson video "GCSE Chemistry - Acids & Bases - pH | Features | Neutralisation Reactions (2027/28 exams)"; each card deep-links to the moment in the video it came from. Lesson 4.01 of Cognito's AQA GCSE Combined Science (Trilogy) and Chemistry course (Higher tier), filed under AQA Chemistry 8462. Teaching by Cognito — https://cognitoedu.org/coursesubtopic/c2-gcse-aqa-h-c_4.01.
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Why is a pH probe more accurate and precise than an indicator?
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It gives an electronic numerical reading, removing human judgement of colour shades.
What two products are nearly always formed in a neutralisation reaction?
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A salt and water.
Alkalis form OH⁻ ions in water, which are called ? ions.
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hydroxide
Define an acid in terms of pH.
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A substance that forms aqueous solutions with a pH of less than 7.
Name the three common laboratory acids to remember.
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Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
What does the pH scale measure?
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How acidic or alkaline a solution is.
What is the range of the pH scale?
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0 to 14 — low numbers are most acidic, high numbers most alkaline.
Define an alkali.
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A base that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH greater than 7.
Write the ionic equation for neutralisation.
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H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O.
What colour is universal indicator at a very low (strongly acidic) pH?
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Deep red.
What are the products of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
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Sodium chloride and water.
A neutral solution such as pure water has a pH of ?.
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7
What are the two methods used to measure the pH of a solution?
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Chemical indicators and a pH probe connected to a pH meter.
Which ion do acids release in aqueous solution?
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Hydrogen ions (H⁺).
Why does universal indicator change colour across a wide pH range?
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It contains a mixture of different dyes, each changing colour at a different pH.
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