AQA · Chemistry · 8462
GCSE Chemistry: The effect of changing concentration
The rate and extent of chemical change · AQA GCSE Chemistry (8462), specification point 4.6.2.5. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "The effect of changing concentration", and every card links back to the page it came from. Higher tier only. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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What happens to a system at equilibrium if the concentration of a reactant or product is changed?
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The system is no longer at equilibrium; the concentrations of all substances change until equilibrium is reached again.
What is the effect of increasing the concentration of a reactant on a reaction at equilibrium?
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More products are formed until equilibrium is reached again (the equilibrium position shifts to the right).
What is the effect of decreasing the concentration of a product on a reaction at equilibrium?
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More reactants react to form more product until equilibrium is reached again (the equilibrium position shifts to the right).
If the concentration of a reactant is increased, more ? will be formed until equilibrium is reached again.
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products
If the concentration of a product is decreased, more ? will react until equilibrium is reached again.
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reactants
Which direction does the equilibrium position shift if the concentration of a product is increased?
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Towards the reactants (to the left): more product reacts to form reactants until equilibrium is re-established.
Which direction does the equilibrium position shift if the concentration of a reactant is decreased?
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Towards the reactants (to the left): products react to replace the reactant until equilibrium is re-established.
Why does adding more reactant to an equilibrium mixture increase the yield of product?
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The system responds to counteract the change: the forward reaction speeds up, converting the extra reactant into more product until a new equilibrium is reached.
In the AQA GCSE Chemistry specification, is the effect of changing concentration on equilibrium Higher Tier only?
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Yes — section 4.6.2.5 is Higher Tier (HT) only.
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