AQA · Chemistry · 8462
GCSE Chemistry (AQA): Group 7 & Group 0 (Halogens & Noble Gases)
Topic 1 — Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table. Generated from the caption track of Cognito's lesson video "GCSE Chemistry - Group 7 & Group 0 Elements - Halogens & Noble Gases | Properties | Trends"; each card deep-links to the moment in the video it came from. Lesson 1.15 of Cognito's AQA GCSE Combined Science (Trilogy) and Chemistry course (Higher tier), filed under AQA Chemistry 8462. Teaching by Cognito — https://cognitoedu.org/coursesubtopic/c2-gcse-aqa-h-c_1.15.
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Halogens exist as pairs of atoms joined by a covalent bond, called ? molecules.
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diatomic
Why does halogen reactivity decrease down group 7?
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The outer shell is further from the positive nucleus, so the attraction needed to pull in an extra electron is weaker.
What is a halide ion?
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A halogen atom that has gained one electron to form a 1− ion, e.g. chloride, Cl⁻.
What is the physical appearance of fluorine at room temperature?
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A poisonous yellow gas. It is the most reactive halogen.
What is the physical appearance of iodine at room temperature?
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A dark grey solid that can form poisonous purple vapours.
How does the boiling point of the noble gases change down group 0?
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It increases down the group.
Why are the group 0 elements unreactive?
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They have full outer shells, so they are inert and do not need to gain or lose electrons.
How do melting and boiling points change going down group 7?
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They increase down the group.
What is the physical appearance of bromine at room temperature?
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A reddy-brown volatile liquid, and poisonous.
What are the products when chlorine gas reacts with potassium bromide solution?
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Potassium chloride and bromine — chlorine is more reactive, so it displaces the bromide.
How does reactivity change going down group 7?
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It decreases down the group, so fluorine is the most reactive and iodine the least.
Why do the noble gases exist as single atoms rather than molecules?
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Their full outer shells mean they do not react with other atoms, including their own kind.
In a halogen displacement reaction, a more reactive halogen displaces a ? one from its compound.
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less reactive
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