GCSE Chemistry: Chemical bonding

Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding and the properties they explain.

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What are the three main types of chemical bond?
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Ionic, covalent, and metallic.
Between which types of elements does ionic bonding occur?
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Between a metal and a non-metal.
In ionic bonding, what happens to the metal atom?
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It loses one or more electrons to become a positive ion.
Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
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Because the oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction in a giant lattice structure.
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved?
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Because the ions are free to move and carry charge.
Between which types of atoms does covalent bonding occur?
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Between non-metal atoms.
In covalent bonding, atoms ? pairs of electrons.
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Why do simple molecular substances have low melting and boiling points?
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Because they have weak forces between the molecules, even though the covalent bonds within molecules are strong.
What does 'delocalised electrons' mean in metallic bonding?
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The electrons are free to move throughout the structure.
Why do metals conduct electricity and heat?
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Because of the sea of delocalised electrons that are free to move throughout the structure.
What does 'malleable' mean when describing metals?
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Metals can be hammered or bent into shape without breaking.

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