AQA · Chemistry · 8462
GCSE Chemistry: Mixtures
Atomic structure and the periodic table · AQA GCSE Chemistry (8462), specification point 4.1.1.2. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Mixtures", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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What is a mixture?
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Two or more elements or compounds that are not chemically combined together.
What happens to the chemical properties of substances in a mixture?
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They are unchanged — because the substances are not chemically combined, each keeps its own properties.
What type of process is used to separate mixtures?
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Physical processes (e.g. filtration, distillation), not chemical reactions.
Why can mixtures be separated by physical processes?
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Because the substances are not chemically bonded, so no chemical reaction is needed to separate them.
Are new substances made when a mixture is separated by a physical process?
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No — physical processes do not involve chemical reactions, so no new substances are made.
Name three physical processes used to separate mixtures.
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Any three of: filtration, crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation, chromatography.
Which physical separation process is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?
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Filtration.
Which physical separation process obtains a solid solute from a solution by evaporating the solvent?
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Crystallisation.
Which physical separation process separates liquids with different boiling points from a mixture?
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Fractional distillation.
Which physical separation process separates dissolved substances, such as dyes in ink?
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Chromatography.
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