AQA · Biology · 8461
GCSE Biology: Response to exercise
Bioenergetics · AQA GCSE Biology (8461), specification point 4.4.2.2. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Response to exercise", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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Why do heart rate and breathing rate increase during exercise?
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To supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood, meeting the increased demand for energy.
Name three changes in the body during exercise.
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Heart rate, breathing rate and breath volume all increase.
What type of respiration occurs in muscles when oxygen supply is insufficient?
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Anaerobic respiration.
During anaerobic respiration in muscles, the incomplete oxidation of glucose causes a build-up of ?.
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lactic acid
Why does anaerobic respiration in muscles produce lactic acid?
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Because glucose is only incompletely oxidised without enough oxygen.
Define oxygen debt.
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The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells.
What happens to muscles during long periods of vigorous activity?
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They become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently.
Which organ converts lactic acid back into glucose?
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The liver.
How is lactic acid transported from the muscles to the liver?
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By the blood flowing through the muscles.
In the liver, lactic acid is converted back into ?.
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glucose
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