AQA · Physics · 8463
GCSE Physics: Energy transfers in a system
Energy · AQA GCSE Physics (8463), specification point 4.1.2.1. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Energy transfers in a system", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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What three things can happen to energy in a system?
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It can be transferred usefully, stored, or dissipated.
Energy cannot be ?; it can only be transferred, stored or dissipated.
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created or destroyed
What happens to the total energy of a closed system when energy transfers occur?
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There is no net change — the total energy stays the same.
What does it mean for energy to be dissipated?
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It is transferred so that it is stored in less useful ways; this energy is often described as 'wasted'.
Give two ways of reducing unwanted energy transfers.
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Lubrication (reduces friction) and thermal insulation (reduces heat loss).
Why does lubrication reduce unwanted energy transfers?
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It reduces friction between moving surfaces, so less energy is dissipated as heat.
How does thermal conductivity affect the rate of energy transfer by conduction?
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The higher the thermal conductivity of a material, the higher the rate of energy transfer by conduction across it.
A material with a low thermal conductivity is a good thermal ?.
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insulator
How does wall thickness affect the rate of cooling of a building?
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Thicker walls slow the rate of cooling, because energy is conducted through them more slowly.
How does the thermal conductivity of its walls affect the rate of cooling of a building?
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Walls with a lower thermal conductivity reduce the rate of cooling, because energy is transferred through them more slowly.
What does AQA GCSE Physics Required Practical 2 investigate?
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The effectiveness of different materials as thermal insulators, and the factors that affect a material's thermal insulation properties.
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