AQA · Physics · 8463
GCSE Physics: Energy stores and systems
Energy · AQA GCSE Physics (8463), specification point 4.1.1.1. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Energy stores and systems", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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In physics, what is a system?
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An object or a group of objects.
When a system changes, there are changes in the way ? is stored.
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energy
In physics, what does 'work done' mean in terms of energy?
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An energy transfer — work done on or by a system transfers energy between stores.
The energy of a system can be changed by heating, by work done by forces, or by work done when a ?.
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current flows
The energy of a system can be changed by ?, by work done by forces, or by work done when a current flows.
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heating
The energy of a system can be changed by heating, by work done by ?, or by work done when a current flows.
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forces
How is energy transferred between stores when an object is projected upwards?
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Its kinetic energy store decreases and its gravitational potential energy store increases as it rises.
How is energy transferred when a moving object hits an obstacle?
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Its kinetic energy store decreases; energy is transferred mainly to the thermal energy stores of the object and obstacle (and some to the surroundings as sound).
How is energy transferred when a constant force accelerates an object?
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The force does work on the object, increasing its kinetic energy store.
Which energy store increases as a vehicle slows down?
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The thermal energy store of the brakes (and surroundings) — friction transfers energy out of the vehicle's kinetic store.
How is energy transferred when water is boiled in an electric kettle?
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The current flowing through the heating element does work, transferring energy to the thermal energy store of the water.
Why are energy changes in a system shown on a common scale?
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To show how the total energy is redistributed between stores when the system changes — the total stays the same, only its distribution changes.
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