AQA · Biology · 8461
GCSE Biology: Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Cell biology · AQA GCSE Biology (8461), specification point 4.1.1.1. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Eukaryotes and prokaryotes", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © AQA — used with attribution.
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Name the three structures found in all eukaryotic plant and animal cells.
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A cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.
Where is the genetic material located in a eukaryotic cell?
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Enclosed in a nucleus.
Are bacterial cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
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Prokaryotic.
How does the size of a bacterial cell compare with a eukaryotic cell?
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Bacterial (prokaryotic) cells are much smaller.
Where is the genetic material in a prokaryotic cell?
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Free in the cytoplasm as a single DNA loop — it is not enclosed in a nucleus.
What are plasmids?
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Small rings of DNA found in bacterial (prokaryotic) cells, in addition to the main single DNA loop.
In a prokaryotic cell, the cell membrane is surrounded by a ?.
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cell wall
The main genetic material of a bacterial cell is a single ?.
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DNA loop
Which structure do prokaryotic cells lack that eukaryotic cells have?
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A nucleus — prokaryotic genetic material is not enclosed in one.
What does the prefix micro (µ) mean?
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One millionth (×10⁻⁶); a micrometre is 0.000001 m.
What does the prefix nano (n) mean?
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One billionth (×10⁻⁹); a nanometre is 0.000000001 m.
How many micrometres are there in one millimetre?
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1,000 µm (milli is ×10⁻³, micro is ×10⁻⁶).
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