OCR · Design and Technology · J310
GCSE Design and Technology: How do designers and manufacturers ensure accuracy when making prototypes and products?
Manufacturing processes and techniques · OCR GCSE Design and Technology (J310), specification point 7.3. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "How do designers and manufacturers ensure accuracy when making prototypes and products?", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © OCR — used with attribution.
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What is a tolerance in manufacturing?
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The permitted amount a dimension may vary from its stated size and still be acceptable, e.g. 50 mm ± 0.5 mm.
What range of lengths does a tolerance of 100 mm ± 1 mm allow?
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Anything from 99 mm to 101 mm.
The permitted variation from a stated dimension is called the ?.
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tolerance
What is a jig used for when making products?
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It holds the workpiece and guides the tool so the same operation (e.g. drilling a hole) is done accurately and repeatedly without re-measuring each time.
What is a template used for in marking out?
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A pre-made shape that is traced around so the same outline is marked identically on every piece.
What is the key difference between a template and a jig?
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A template is traced around to mark an outline; a jig holds the work and guides the tool during the actual cutting or drilling.
Why are jigs and templates especially useful in batch production?
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They give repeatable accuracy and save time, because each part does not have to be measured and marked out individually.
What is a reference (datum) surface in marking out?
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A fixed, known-true edge or face from which all measurements are taken, so every dimension is measured from the same starting point.
Why measure every dimension from one reference edge rather than from the previous mark?
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Errors do not accumulate — each measurement depends only on the datum, not on any earlier marking mistake.
What is nesting when cutting parts from sheet material?
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Arranging the parts as closely together as possible on the sheet so the least material is wasted.
Why do manufacturers plan cutting to minimise waste material?
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Less material has to be bought and disposed of, which cuts cost and reduces environmental impact.
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