Pearson · Digital Information Technology · 603/7050/6
BTEC Tech Award Digital Information Technology: Managing threats
Effective digital working practices · Pearson BTEC Tech Award Digital Information Technology (603/7050/6), specification point 3.B2. Cards are generated from the exam board's own specification for "Managing threats", and every card links back to the page it came from. Specification © Pearson — used with attribution.
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What are the three types of factor used in two-factor authentication?
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Something you know (e.g. a password), something you have (e.g. a phone or token) and who you are (e.g. a fingerprint).
In what two forms can a firewall be implemented?
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Hardware (a dedicated network device) or software (running on the computer itself).
How does a firewall protect a digital system?
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It monitors incoming and outgoing network traffic and blocks anything that breaks its rules, stopping unauthorised access.
Reducing a device's attack surface by removing unneeded software, closing unused ports and applying updates is called device ?.
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hardening
Why do login screens obscure password entry with dots or asterisks?
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So that someone watching the screen (shoulder surfing) cannot read the password as it is typed.
Why can a 'stay logged in' option weaken security?
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Anyone who gets hold of the device can use the account without having to authenticate.
What does encrypting stored data protect against?
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Someone who steals or gains access to the file or drive being able to read it — without the key the data is unreadable.
What does encrypting transmitted data protect against?
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The data being read if it is intercepted while travelling across a network.
What is penetration testing?
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An authorised, simulated attack on a system to find security weaknesses before a real attacker exploits them.
What is a white hat hacker?
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An ethical hacker who tests security with the owner's permission to find and report weaknesses.
What is a grey hat hacker?
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Someone who looks for weaknesses without permission but without malicious intent, usually reporting what they find rather than exploiting it.
How does a backup and recovery procedure reduce the impact of a threat?
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It does not stop the attack, but lets lost or damaged data be restored so the organisation can keep operating.
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